Which programming language should I choose first?

Python developers often emphasize the speed of coding, which allows them to quickly implement ideas and prototypes. C++ programmers focus on the high performance of their applications, which makes this language ideal for systems programming and game development. Java users emphasize the importance of cross-platform support, allowing applications to run on different operating systems without requiring significant code changes. Each of these programming languages has its own unique advantages, making them popular in various development fields.

The programming world is riddled with stereotypes and preconceptions about languages. For example, some consider Swift a homosexual language, though this is far from the truth. Python is often perceived as a beginner's tool, which also understates its powerful capabilities. JavaScript, meanwhile, is often dismissed as a language for incompetent developers. Even minor issues such as the use of tabs or spaces in code formatting can spark arguments between programmers. These biases only highlight the diversity of opinions in the developer community.

In this article, we will discuss two key topics in detail.

Why language is not the most important thing for beginners to think about.
How difficult should the first language be.

My Experience

I started my journey with PHP and saw my knowledge progress daily: new approaches, using arrays instead of simple variables, mastering superarrays, and working with databases. After reaching a reasonable level in PHP, I decided to move on to learning JavaScript. After immersing myself in its features, I tried my hand at C++, as I was interested in game development. I downloaded a recommended textbook and started studying the material, but soon lost interest in programming for several years. It was a difficult period for me.

I currently program in languages such as PHP, JavaScript, Java, Python, C#, and C++. With each new language I learned, I went back to the basics and discovered new aspects of how computers work: the structure of memory, how a processor works, and what code runs efficiently and what doesn't. Understanding why this is true was especially important. If I had started with C++ at the very beginning, I probably would have gotten the impression that programming was not for me, due to the amount of information and the complexity of the language.

Decide What You Want to Do

Debates about which programming language is best are often fruitless. Each language has its own characteristics and advantages that make it suitable for certain tasks. Rather than comparing languages based on "better" or "worse" criteria, it is important to consider what problems need to be solved and which language is most efficient for accomplishing them. For example, Python is great for data processing and machine learning, while Java may be preferable for developing scalable web applications. Ultimately, the choice of programming language should be based on the specific needs of the project and the developer's personal preferences, not on general opinions about which language is "cooler."

Every language has its own advantages and disadvantages.
One language cannot be good for everything.

Beginners are often unaware of their programming needs, so the choice of a programming language should be based not on the language itself, but on the specific area of activity that interests you. Many programming languages are designed to focus on solving specific problems or for use in certain areas. The choice of language should match your goals and the projects you want to implement.

Create a website quickly — PHP or Python.
Create a game — C++ or C#.
A web system for a bank — Java, C# or C++.
A beautiful interface for a website — HTML, CSS and JavaScript.
An Android application — Java or Kotlin.
An iOS or Mac OS application — Objective-C or Swift.

When choosing a field of activity, it is important to study the programming languages used in it. Determine which languages are most popular in your field and focus on them. It is recommended to try to learn several different languages to understand which one you like best and is better suited to solving specific problems. This will help you not only expand your professional skills, but also increase your competitiveness in the job market.

Choosing an unpopular direction for your project will not necessarily lead to failure. On the contrary, this could be your unique opportunity to stand out from the competition. And even if your choice seems unexpected, history knows examples of successful projects based on original ideas. The main thing is to correctly implement the concept and adapt it to the needs of the target audience. Don't be afraid to take risks and explore uncharted niches, because they can be the source of your success.

The choice of technology alone does not guarantee the success of a game, website, or app. Success depends on many factors, including content quality, interface usability, and user experience. The right technology can support and enhance these aspects, but it is not the only determining factor. It is important to consider the needs of the target audience and adapt the product to their expectations. Furthermore, constant testing and updating of technologies will help ensure the competitiveness and attractiveness of the project in the market.

Popular programming languages have their strengths and weaknesses. Strengths include a wide range of libraries and frameworks, which speed up the development process and allow for solving a variety of problems. Many languages also have active communities, providing access to support and resources. Weaknesses may manifest themselves in insufficient performance for certain tasks or a learning curve. Some languages may be less flexible or have limitations that make them difficult to use in specific projects. It's important to consider these aspects when choosing a programming language for a specific task to ensure efficiency and success.

Joel Spolsky, CEO of Stack Overflow, favors programming languages similar to C. However, he also emphasizes choosing a language that will most effectively solve specific development problems.

If you're planning to develop games, it's important to determine what kind of games you're interested in. Research the game engine your favorite projects are built on and start mastering it. For example, if it's Unity, you'll need to know C#. If you prefer the Unreal Engine, you'll want to learn C++. Choosing the right engine and programming language is a key step toward successful game development.

Should You Start with a Simple Language?

If you're like many others and have decided to get into game development, you're faced with an important choice: which programming language to choose. C++ and C# are two popular programming languages used in the creation of many well-known games. If you're leaning toward C++, there are advantages to choosing it. C++ offers high execution speed and low-level access to system resources, making it ideal for creating high-performance games. Furthermore, many game engines, such as Unreal Engine, use this language, which opens up a wide range of development possibilities. C++ occupies a special place among popular programming languages, but it is also considered one of the most complex. How can you overcome this problem? It's often believed that if your first programming language is too simple, it can negatively impact your development as a programmer. However, it's important to understand that your first language choice does not determine your potential. Simple languages, such as Python or JavaScript, can help beginners better understand basic programming concepts and logical thinking. These languages offer intuitive syntax and a wealth of learning resources, making them an excellent starting point. Ultimately, success in programming depends not only on the language you choose, but also on practice, persistence, and a willingness to learn.

This is because simple programming languages don't require in-depth knowledge of the computer's internals, how data is stored in memory, or how the processor performs operations like division. They allow you to focus on the logic and structure of your programs without getting distracted by technical details, making them accessible to beginners and easing the learning curve.

Joel Spolsky argues that you should start your programming journey with C, which is considered more challenging than C++. This is because learning C allows you to master key programming principles and develop more efficient programs. The knowledge you gain from learning C will be useful even when working with other programming languages.

Learning a programming language can be a challenging process, and it's easy to lose motivation when focusing on every terminology. Focusing on variables for a few days, then spending a week on arrays and a month on functions can miss out on valuable practice. During this time, others can master Python to a sufficient level to create simple web blogs. To avoid this, it's important to find a balance between theory and practical tasks, which will help maintain interest and accelerate the learning process.

I believe it's best to start with simple steps. You'll develop gradually, step by step, and still achieve great results. Starting with the basics will allow you to confidently move forward and improve your efficiency.

Conclusion

This discussion could go on forever, but I recommend starting to learn programming by choosing a language that matches your interests. Don't worry if you're interested in a complex language. There are many clear and detailed guides available for various programming languages. For example, in my new series of articles, I explain complex C++ concepts in an accessible way. In addition, the Skillbox course will allow you to apply the knowledge you've gained in practice.

Which programming language should I choose first?

Contents:

My Experience

Decide What You Want to Do

Should You Start with a Simple Language?

Conclusion