I want to retrain for a different profession for free. How can I do this?

Contents:

A research fellow at the Laboratory of Educational Law at the Institute of Education at the National Research University Higher School of Economics studies issues related to the legal aspects of education. His responsibilities include analyzing legislation, developing recommendations for improving educational practices, and participating in research projects aimed at developing the educational system. Working in this laboratory allows me to focus on current issues in the field of educational law and contribute to scientific research that helps improve the quality of education in Russia.

An analyst at the Laboratory of Educational Law of the Institute of Education of the National Research University Higher School of Economics is engaged in the research and analysis of legislation in the field of education. Their work includes studying legal regulations, assessing their impact on educational processes, and developing recommendations for improvement. A specialist in this field is able to identify key issues and propose effective solutions that contribute to improving the educational environment. The importance of the analyst's work in the Laboratory of Educational Law is to create well-founded conclusions and recommendations that can be used by both government agencies and educational institutions to improve the quality of education in Russia.

An analyst at the Laboratory of Educational Law of the Institute of Education of the National Research University Higher School of Economics is engaged in Research and analysis of legal aspects in the field of education. The main focus is on educational policy issues, the rights of students and teachers, as well as current changes in legislation. The analyst's work is aimed at supporting the development of effective solutions in the field of educational law, which contributes to improving the quality of educational services and respecting the rights of all participants in the educational process.

Yes, you can receive a secondary vocational education at a college for free, but this is only possible once in a lifetime, according to Part 3 of Article 5 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation." If you do not have a secondary vocational education diploma, you have the right to apply for admission to a college or technical school. Having a higher education diploma does not deprive you of the opportunity to study at this level of education.

The Unified State Exam results are not required for admission to college. Applicants with at least a basic general education (9 grades) or secondary general education (11 grades) can submit their documents. Admission to college is based on the GPA of the 9th or 11th grade certificate, as confirmed by Part 4 of Article 68 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation." However, it should be noted that some colleges may conduct their own entrance examinations.

As a general rule, it is not possible to obtain a second higher education for free. Even if the first higher education was obtained on a fee-paying basis, tuition for the second will have to be paid. This provision is enshrined in Part 3 of Article 5 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation," which states that free education is available only to those who are receiving an education at this level for the first time.

Since 2021, it has become possible to obtain a second higher education in the field of art on a state-funded basis. However, this program only applies to certain specialties and educational institutions. If you are interested in the profession of a director, composer or literary worker, this offer will be relevant for you.

The second exception concerns Military personnel who have completed training at a military vocational educational organization, such as a training center or a technical school, or at a military university and do not have a civilian secondary or higher education. In this situation, they can enroll in a civilian university or college free of charge. This provision is enshrined in Part 5 of Article 19 of the Law "On the Status of Military Personnel." The procedure for obtaining higher education in Russia depends on the year of admission and the type of diploma. Until 2008, the country primarily had a single level of higher education: university graduates received the qualification of "certified specialist." Master's degrees were available only at a few educational institutions. Since 2008, the transition to a two-tier Bologna system of higher education has begun, which includes a bachelor's degree at the first level and a master's degree at the second. However, for some specialties, such as medicine, the specialist degree system continues to operate alongside this system.

If you entered a university before 2009, you likely hold a specialist diploma, which entitles you to a state-funded master's degree, subject to successful completion of the competition. However, if you hold a modern diploma, you can only continue your studies in a master's degree on a fee-paying basis.

Specialists whose qualifications were obtained under the new education system (the new specialist degree system) are not eligible for free master's degree programs. However, specialists with the "old-style" qualification may qualify for this opportunity, as they are considered equal to bachelors in accordance with Part 15 of Article 108 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation." This difference in eligibility for free tuition underscores the importance of understanding the current changes in the higher education system and their impact on graduates' career prospects.

If you have any doubts about your degree, it is recommended that you contact the university you intend to attend. Check whether tuition-free master's studies are possible with your degree. This will help avoid misunderstandings and ensure that your efforts are focused correctly.

You can enroll in a master's degree in any field, regardless of your previous specialization. For example, you can enroll in a master's degree in information technology even if your bachelor's or specialist's degree is in a humanities field, such as philology. Similarly, you can choose a master's degree in psychology with a degree in applied mathematics or computer science. The main difficulty lies in the requirement to pass specialized exams for admission. If you lack basic knowledge in your chosen field, you will need significant preliminary preparation to successfully pass the selection process. Pay attention to the requirements of educational institutions and prepare in advance to increase your chances of admission.

There is no general age limit for obtaining vocational education. However, in some areas, such as departmental and military educational institutions, certain restrictions apply. For example, to enroll full-time at a Ministry of Internal Affairs university, one must be under 25 years of age.

Professional retraining is an important area of ​​continuing professional education (CPE). This type of training is available to individuals with completed secondary vocational or higher education, as well as to college and university students. Retraining allows for the acquisition of new knowledge and skills that meet the demands of the modern labor market, thereby facilitating career growth and increasing the competitiveness of specialists.

Continuing professional education (CPE) can be implemented through advanced training or professional retraining programs. These forms of training allow specialists to update their knowledge and skills and adapt to changes in their professional field. Advanced training is aimed at deepening existing competencies, while professional retraining helps individuals acquire a new specialty or change career direction. Both forms of continuing education contribute to the development of professional potential and increased competitiveness in the labor market.

Continuing education programs are short-term courses lasting at least 16 hours. They are aimed at developing existing professional skills and competencies. In some cases, the programs may provide new knowledge, but it remains within the scope of the current specialty. Upon completion of the course, participants receive a certificate of advanced training, confirming their professional growth and readiness for new career challenges.

Professional retraining programs provide the necessary competencies for transitioning into new areas of professional activity. These programs last at least 250 hours and, upon completion, a diploma of professional retraining is awarded. This allows specialists to significantly expand their knowledge and skills, which is essential in a rapidly changing labor market. The competencies acquired during training contribute to increased competitiveness in the marketplace and open up new career opportunities.

Professional retraining is generally fee-based, but there are programs that allow for free or partially paid retraining, with the state covering part of the costs. This opens up opportunities for people looking to change their careers or gain new skills without significant financial outlay.

The Ministry of Digital Development is implementing the "Digital Professions" project, which is part of the national "Personnel for the Digital Economy" program. The main goal of this program is to train qualified specialists with relevant digital skills required for the Russian labor market. The project aims to develop professional competencies in information technology and digitalization, thereby enhancing the competitiveness of specialists and meeting employers' needs for highly qualified personnel.

This project provides training opportunities in various IT specialties at organizations participating in the initiative. The following categories of citizens have the right to receive such training:

• people with disabilities;
• the unemployed;
• parents with children under three years of age;
• students;
• public sector employees;
• those with a low income.

To participate in the program, two key conditions must be met: be over 16 years of age and have at least secondary vocational education or student status.

The state pays for services in full or in part, covering from 50% to 100% of the cost. Applications for this support are accepted through the Gosuslugi portal.

Yes, such an opportunity really exists. Article 23 of the Law "On Employment of the Population in the Russian Federation" states that unemployed citizens registered with the employment center have the right to vocational training and additional vocational education, subject to certain conditions. This allows them to increase their competitiveness in the labor market and improve their chances of finding employment.

• he does not have qualifications;
• it is impossible to find a suitable job due to the lack of the necessary qualifications;
• there is no work according to the citizen's current qualifications, and therefore he needs to change profession (occupation);
• the person has lost the ability to perform work according to his current qualifications.

The employment center is obliged to confirm the need for your studies and issue a conclusion with a referral for training. This confirmation is an important step in gaining access to educational programs and assistance in finding employment.

Unemployed citizens can take advantage of free training opportunities within the framework of regional and federal programs. To learn more about available options, we recommend contacting your local employment center. Currently, the most accessible option is free training under the federal project "Employment Promotion," which provides training not only to the unemployed but also to other categories of citizens.

The "Employment Promotion" project offers opportunities for people in certain categories, in addition to those unemployed registered with the employment service, to acquire a profession. The project aims to support and develop skills, thereby increasing competitiveness in the labor market. Participants can access a variety of educational programs and courses to help them master a new profession and improve their career prospects.

• persons aged 50 and older;
• persons of pre-retirement age;
• women on maternity leave (until the child reaches three years of age);
• unemployed women with preschool children;
• citizens who are at risk of dismissal (including the introduction of part-time work, downtime, temporary work stoppage, provision of unpaid leave, and the implementation of measures to lay off workers);
• certain persons up to and including 35 years of age (for example, if a person has not worked for more than four months after completing conscription service or receiving a diploma).

The full list can be found in paragraph 4 of the regulation approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 27, 2021 No. 800.

You can find a list of available courses for this program on the website of your employment department, be it city or district. You can also submit an application for training directly on this portal, as well as on the "Work in Russia" website.

During the implementation of this project, from 2021 to 2024, training will only be available once.

Yes, there is an important detail. After reviewing your application for training or retraining, the employment service will conduct career guidance. Based on its results, a decision will be made on the feasibility of your training. This process helps determine how well your chosen program aligns with your career goals and labor market needs.

You may be offered to change your training program and choose a different course. The decision to change programs is yours, however, if you decide to continue training in your originally chosen program, you will be required to sign an agreement. In accordance with this agreement, you undertake to find work or open your own business after completing your training. This may include registering as an individual entrepreneur, self-employed, or creating a farm (farm). These conditions are stipulated in the regulation approved by Russian Government Resolution No. 800 dated May 27, 2021. Employers often need to determine whether a candidate with a professional retraining diploma is suitable or whether a specialist with higher or secondary vocational education in a given field is required. The choice depends on the specifics of the vacancy and the company's requirements. Some employers value the practical skills and experience that retraining diplomas can provide, while others prefer a classical education. It is important to consider that a professional retraining diploma can be an additional advantage for the applicant, demonstrating their readiness for training and professional development. Some organizations use the Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Workers' Jobs and Professions, as well as the Unified Qualification Handbook of Managerial, Specialist, and Employee Positions. These documents may contain specific requirements for the education and qualifications of employees. It is important to take these reference books into account when developing HR policies and selecting personnel, as they help determine whether employees meet established standards and requirements.

Professional standards are currently being introduced that In the future, they may replace existing reference books. Both professional standards and reference books in some cases allow for the possibility of occupying a position with professional retraining. However, in some cases, higher education or secondary vocational education is mandatory. This is important to consider when planning your career and choosing an educational path.

Reference books and professional standards should be used by government agencies, state-owned companies and other employers in the following cases:

• compensation, benefits or restrictions are established by law for work in your position (paragraph 3 of part 2 of Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
• qualification requirements are established by law, that is, work in the corresponding position can only be performed by employees with specific education, knowledge or experience (Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Reference books are used in manufacturing enterprises and factories that use a tariff remuneration system. They serve as an important tool for standardizing and optimizing payroll processes, which helps to increase the efficiency of HR management. Proper use of such reference books allows employers to accurately determine labor costs and compensate employees accordingly, which, in turn, impacts motivation and productivity. Employers have the ability to independently decide whether to apply reference books and professional standards in their work. This allows them to adapt processes to the specific needs of their organization and industry, which can lead to more effective personnel management and improved work quality. If an employer uses professional standards or reference books, they will be sure to verify that your qualifications meet the requirements of these documents before hiring you. If your qualifications do not meet the requirements, you will not be able to secure the desired position. It is important to remember that professional retraining can significantly increase your chances of finding employment in accordance with current standards. I am also happy to assist you with editing the text. Please provide me with the text you wish to change.

According to the professional standard for a trainer-teacher, a diploma of professional retraining is sufficient to fill this position, even if the higher education is not related to this field. At the same time, a district doctor requires specialized education in the field of "Pediatrics" or "General Medicine", and professional retraining cannot replace this qualification level.

Of course, I'm happy to help with text editing. Please provide the text itself that you want to revise.

Employers in the IT sector often don't require applicants to have a specialized education, focusing on their practical programming skills. Even if a company adheres to the professional standard "Programmer," educational requirements may vary depending on the specific position. In most cases, a secondary vocational education or completion of advanced training courses is sufficient. Therefore, certifications from specialized courses may be sufficient for successful employment in the IT sector.

The lack of higher or secondary vocational education, even if it is unrelated to your desired specialty, can lead to certain difficulties in finding a job and hinder career advancement. Without the appropriate qualifications, applicants may find it more difficult to compete in the labor market, which can negatively impact their professional development.

Many employers have internal regulations that require applicants to have higher or secondary vocational education. According to the law, refusal to hire someone due to the lack of an educational document is legal, as per Article 65 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation. This is important to consider when looking for a job, as having the appropriate education can significantly increase your chances of successful employment.

Higher education is required for managerial or specialist positions in leading and senior groups in the civil service. This requirement is enshrined in Part 4 of Article 12 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2004, No. 79-FZ "On the Federal Civil Service of the Russian Federation."

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Yes, you can get a secondary vocational education at college for free, but only once in your life, according to Part 3 of Article 5 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation." If you do not have a document on secondary vocational education, you have the right to apply for admission to a college or technical school. Having a higher education diploma does not deprive you of this opportunity.

The results of the Unified State Exam are not mandatory for admission to college. Applications can be submitted by persons with at least a basic general (9 grades) or secondary general (11 grades) education. The competition for admission is based on the average grade point average of the certificate of completion of grades 9 or 11, which is provided for in Part 4 of Article 68 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation". However, it is worth considering that some colleges may hold their own entrance exams.

According to current legislation, it is impossible to obtain a second higher education for free. Even if you paid for your first higher education, you will have to pay for the second. This provision is spelled out in Part 3 of Article 5 of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation". According to this law, only those who are receiving an education of this level for the first time have the right to free education.

Since 2021, it has been possible to obtain a second higher education in the field of art on a state-funded basis. However, this opportunity is only available to certain majors and educational institutions. If you're interested in studying to be a director, composer, or writer, this program may be just for you. Please review the requirements and conditions to take advantage of this unique opportunity to develop your career in the arts.

The second exception provided by law concerns military personnel. It applies to those who have completed training at a military vocational educational organization, such as a training center, a school for technicians, or a military university, and have not yet received a civilian secondary or higher education. In this situation, such graduates have the opportunity to enroll in a civilian university or college free of charge. This rule is enshrined in Part 5 of Article 19 of the Law "On the Status of Military Personnel," which allows military personnel to access civilian education without incurring financial costs.

The procedure for obtaining higher education in Russia depends on the year of entry into the university and the type of diploma. Until 2008, the country had a largely uniform level of higher education: graduates received the qualification of "certified specialist." Master's degrees were available only at certain educational institutions. Since 2008, Russia has transitioned to a two-tier Bologna system of higher education. In this system, the first tier is the bachelor's degree, and the second is the master's degree. However, for certain fields of study, such as medicine, the specialist degree continues to operate alongside this system.

If you entered university before 2009, you likely hold a specialist's degree, which entitles you to study for a master's degree on a state-funded basis, subject to successful completion of the competitive selection process. If you hold a specialist's degree obtained after 2009, study for a master's degree will only be available on a fee-paying basis.

Specialists who received their qualifications under the new education system are not eligible for free master's degree studies. In contrast, specialists trained under the old system are eligible for this opportunity, as they are considered equal to bachelors in accordance with Part 15 of Article 108 of the Law "On Education in the Russian Federation." This difference in legal regulations creates an unequal playing field for graduates of different educational systems, which is important to consider when planning your future education and career.

If you have any doubts about your diploma, it is recommended that you contact the university you intend to attend to find out whether you can apply for a free master's degree with your diploma. This will help avoid misunderstandings and ensure the right direction for your future education.

You can apply for a master's degree in any field, regardless of your previous specialization. For example, you are eligible to apply for an IT master's degree even if your specialist or bachelor's degree is in a humanities field, such as philology. It is also possible to apply for a master's degree in psychology after completing a bachelor's or specialist's degree in applied mathematics and computer science. The main requirement is successfully passing the relevant entrance exams. However, if you do not have basic knowledge in your chosen field, it is worth considering that significant preliminary preparation will be required to achieve success.

The right to receive vocational education is not is limited by a general age limit. However, some specific fields have their own rules. For example, departmental and military educational institutions have age restrictions. The age limit for admission to a full-time university of the Ministry of Internal Affairs is 25 years. This rule is important to consider when planning education in fields such as law enforcement and military affairs.

Professional retraining is an important aspect of continuing professional education (CPE). It is available to individuals with completed secondary vocational or higher education, as well as to students studying at colleges or universities. This type of training allows specialists to expand their knowledge in a new field, improve their qualifications, and adapt to the demands of the modern labor market. Retraining promotes career advancement and opens up new employment opportunities.

Continuing professional education (CPE) is presented in the form of advanced training and professional retraining. It is an important tool for specialists seeking to update their knowledge and skills to meet the current demands of the labor market. Continuing education allows you to deepen your existing competencies, while professional retraining provides the opportunity to master a new profession. Continuing education plays a key role in career growth and adaptation to changes in the professional environment. Continuing education programs are short courses, typically lasting at least 16 hours. These courses are aimed at developing existing competencies and providing new knowledge, but within the scope of your current profession. Upon completion of the program, participants receive a certificate of advanced training, confirming their professional growth and readiness for new challenges in their field. Professional retraining programs provide the necessary knowledge and skills for mastering a new type of professional activity. They last at least 250 hours and lead to the receipt of a professional retraining diploma. Such programs help specialists adapt to changing labor market requirements and increase their competitiveness. The acquired competencies open up new career opportunities and facilitate development in the chosen field. Professional retraining is usually a paid service. However, there are programs that allow for retraining free of charge or with partial payment, with costs partially covered by the state.

The Ministry of Digital Development is implementing the "Digital Professions" project as part of the national "Personnel for the Digital Economy" program. The main goal of this program is to train specialists with relevant digital skills needed in the Russian labor market. The project aims to meet employers' needs for qualified personnel and promote the development of digital technologies in the country.

This project provides training opportunities in various IT specialties at participating organizations. The following categories of citizens have the right to receive such training:

• people with disabilities;
• the unemployed;
• parents with children under three years of age;
• students;
• public sector employees;
• those with a low income.

To participate, you must meet two mandatory conditions: you must be over 16 years of age, and you must have at least secondary vocational education or be a student.

The state covers the cost, in full or in part (from 50% to 100% of the cost). You can submit an application through the "Gosuslugi" portal.

Yes, such an opportunity really exists. According to Article 23 of the Law "On Employment of the Population in the Russian Federation," unemployed citizens registered with the employment center have the right to receive vocational training and continuing professional education if certain conditions are met. These conditions include a current demand for the relevant qualification in the labor market, as well as a need for advanced training or retraining. Thus, this measure is aimed at supporting the unemployed and improving their competitiveness in the labor market.

• he does not have qualifications;
• it is impossible to find a suitable job for him due to the lack of the necessary qualifications;
• there is no job according to the citizen’s current qualifications, and therefore he needs to change profession (occupation);
• the person has lost the ability to perform work according to the current qualifications.

The employment center is obliged to confirm the need for your training and issue a corresponding conclusion with a referral for training.

Unemployed citizens have the opportunity to undergo free training within the framework of regional or federal programs. For more detailed information on available courses, it is recommended to contact your local employment center. Currently, the most accessible option is free training within the framework of the federal project "Employment Promotion". This project opens up opportunities not only for the unemployed, but also for other categories of citizens wishing to improve their qualifications and improve their competitiveness in the labor market.

Within the framework of the "Employment Promotion" project, you can obtain a profession if you belong to one of the following categories, in addition to the unemployed registered with the employment service. The project offers unique opportunities for education and professional training, which contributes to increased competitiveness in the labour market. Participation in the program will allow you to master new skills and obtain a sought-after profession that meets modern requirements.

• persons aged 50 and older;
• persons of pre-retirement age;
• women on maternity leave (until the child reaches three years of age);
• unemployed women with preschool children;
• citizens who are at risk of dismissal (including the introduction of a part-time regime, downtime, temporary suspension of work, provision of unpaid leave, and the implementation of measures to lay off employees);
• certain persons up to and including 35 years of age (for example, if a person has not worked for more than four months after completing conscription service or receiving a diploma).

The full list is indicated in paragraph 4 of the document approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of May 27, 2021 No. 800.

You can find a list of available courses for this program on the website of your employment department, be it a city or district center. The "Work in Russia" portal also provides up-to-date information on courses. You can also submit an application for training directly through this portal.

From 2021 to 2024, training under this project will only be available once.

Your application for training or retraining will be reviewed by the employment service. During the review, they will conduct career guidance to determine the feasibility of your training. Based on the results, a decision will be made on whether or not you can complete the course.

You may be offered a change to a different training program. The decision whether to accept this recommendation is yours. However, if you decide to remain in your chosen program, you will be required to sign an agreement. This agreement obligates you to find work or open your own business upon completion of your training. This may include registering as an individual entrepreneur, self-employed, or setting up a farm. These requirements are established by the regulation approved by RF Government Resolution No. 800 dated May 27, 2021.

Of course, I can help you with editing the text. Please provide the text itself to be revised.

In most cases, the employer decides whether an employee with a professional retraining diploma is suitable. They determine whether a specialist with a higher or secondary vocational education is required for a given specialty. It is important to understand that educational requirements may vary depending on the industry and the specific position. Employers often consider not only a diploma but also practical skills, work experience, and fit with corporate culture. Therefore, job seekers should focus on developing professional competencies and ongoing training to increase their chances of employment.

Some organizations use the Unified Tariff and Qualification Handbook of Workers' Jobs and Professions, as well as the Unified Qualification Handbook of Managerial, Specialist, and Employee Positions. These reference books contain specific requirements for the level of education and qualifications of employees. Ensuring compliance with these requirements is an important aspect for the successful operation of organizations and increasing their competitiveness in the labor market.

Currently, professional standards are being introduced that may replace Existing reference books. Both professional standards and reference books often allow for the possibility of occupying certain positions with professional retraining. However, in some cases, higher or secondary vocational education is required. This emphasizes the importance of understanding the current qualification requirements for successful career advancement.

Reference books and professional standards should be used by government agencies, state-owned companies, and other employers in the following cases:

• compensation, benefits, or restrictions are established by law for work in your position (paragraph 3, part 2, Article 57 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation);
• qualification requirements are established by law, that is, work in the corresponding position can only be performed by employees with specific education, knowledge, or experience (Article 195.3 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Reference books are actively used in manufacturing enterprises and factories that use a tariff remuneration system. They serve as an important tool for calculating wages, determining qualification requirements, and managing human resources. Proper use of such reference books helps ensure transparency and fairness in the employee compensation system.

In some cases, employers have the opportunity to independently decide whether to use reference books and professional standards in their activities. This gives them flexibility in developing requirements for candidates and assessing employee competencies. The use of professional standards can improve the quality of personnel selection and improve organizational processes. It is important to keep in mind that compliance with or ignoring these standards can affect work efficiency and compliance with market requirements.

If an employer uses reference books or professional standards, they will check your qualifications against the requirements of these documents before hiring you, taking into account any professional retraining. If your qualifications do not meet the requirements, you may be denied employment for the desired position. It is important to familiarize yourself with current standards in advance and ensure that your qualifications meet labor market requirements.

According to the professional standard for a trainer-teacher, a diploma of professional retraining is sufficient to fill this position, even if the higher education is not in the relevant field. In contrast, a district physician is required to have a specialty in Pediatrics or General Medicine, and no form of retraining can replace this education.

Employers in the IT field often don't have strict requirements for candidates to have a relevant education. The main requirement is that the applicant can code. Even if a company adheres to the professional standard "Programmer," educational requirements may vary depending on the specific position. In most cases, a secondary vocational education or certificates of completion of advanced training courses are sufficient. Therefore, a diploma is not always a prerequisite for successful employment in the IT field.

The lack of a higher or secondary vocational education, even if unrelated to your specialty, can create certain difficulties in your job search and subsequent career development. Many employers pay attention to the level of education of candidates, which can limit your employment opportunities. This can also impact your prospects for career advancement and professional development. Therefore, obtaining at least a basic education is an important step for a successful career.

Some employers have internal regulations that require higher or secondary vocational education for employment. According to Article 65 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, refusal to hire due to the lack of an appropriate diploma is legal. This is important to consider when looking for a job, as the lack of the necessary education can be an obstacle to employment in certain organizations.

Higher education is required for positions in management or leading and senior specialists in the civil service. This requirement is enshrined in Part 4 of Article 12 of the Federal Law of July 27, 2004, No. 79-FZ "On the Federal Civil Service of the Russian Federation."